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1,872 bytes added ,  08:29, 1 February 2021
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| Germany || Hannover || [link]
 
| Germany || Hannover || [link]
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| Italy || Rome || link
 
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| Norway || Skien || [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1e3vPPWMyJu6k5rdbqDC9EGgOCgmAmsGZ2JO1oMrCbXw/edit link]
 
| Norway || Skien || [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1e3vPPWMyJu6k5rdbqDC9EGgOCgmAmsGZ2JO1oMrCbXw/edit link]
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| Spain || Madrid || link
 
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| Switzerland || Olten || [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1VJ08fAdkbvnKAFDnn1RnNXQxWn9nzTK1y5GJ5AJFa1Y/edit link]
 
| Switzerland || Olten || [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1VJ08fAdkbvnKAFDnn1RnNXQxWn9nzTK1y5GJ5AJFa1Y/edit link]
 
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This approach of finding a centroid seems to give good results. For Belgium there is not a large difference with the geographic centroid, which is expected for a densely populated country. For Norway it is much closer to the population area's.
 
This approach of finding a centroid seems to give good results. For Belgium there is not a large difference with the geographic centroid, which is expected for a densely populated country. For Norway it is much closer to the population area's.
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== Observations ==
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The city population centroids have been found a step by step process. This allows to see how the centroid changes after a city has been added. In general the largest city dominates the position of the centroid. And if that city is also close to the geographic centroid, it will be the centroid in the end (Belgium, Spain). If a large city is surrounded by other cities, then one of those can become the centroid (Norway, Switzerland). The layout of motorways can influence the selection between two cities (France).
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Some individual country observations:
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# Belgium - the runnerup is Mechelen, so if more cities are added, the centroid might move towards that city along the motorway.
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# France - the centroid lies along the motorway between Paris and Lyon. There are no cities that are large enough in the top 20 to push the centroid away from Paris towards Lyon. Adding Dijon did not help. Probably due to a lack of motorways to the west from Dijon.
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# Germany - the country is dominated by Berlin. Only thanks to the existence of a large town to the west, the centroid could be moved there (Hannover).
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# Italy - the centroid is dominated by Rome, but might move upwards towards Florence, when more cities in the populous north are added.
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# Norway - the centroid is in Skien, but could have been in Oslo, or in between these two cities. The centroid is much lower than the actual geographic centroid.
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# Spain - Madrid is very well placed centrally in the country. Madrid and Barcelona are the greatest influencers on the centroid. The cities on the Canaries have been removed, but the Baleares have been kept.
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# Switzerland - Olten is one of the smaller towns in the valleys around Zurich, which dominates the centroid. Note that for transport a route through Italy is sometimes more advantageous.
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