Recipe/Example/Apple Syrup
Apple syrup is a product where apples are cooked, the water evaporates and one is left with a very thick syrup. An example is this product. This product contains 67% of nutrients. As the product weight is 450 gram there are some 300 gram of nutrients.
Example characterisation
- 1 ingredient
- 1 product
- 1 dominating nutrient (sugars)
Data
| Nutrient | Product | Apples (OFF) mean | Apples (OFF) median |
|---|---|---|---|
| Energy [kJ] | 969 | 277 | 222 |
| Fat [g] | 0 | 0.265 | 0.2 |
| Sat. Fat [g] | 0 | 0.046 | 0 |
| Carbohydrates [g] | 62 | 14.1 | 12 |
| Sugars [g] | 52 | 10.9 | 10.8 |
| Fiber [g] | 4 | 1.99 | 1.9 |
| Proteins [g] | 1 | 0.391 | 0.4 |
| Salt [g] | 0 | 0.017 | 0 |
| Iron [mg] | 4 | 194 | 200 |
Product: (0,0,62,52,4,1,0)
Ciqual 13039 - Apple, pulp and peel, raw (0.25, 0,052, 11.16, 9.35, 1.4, 0.25, 0.0037)
Simple calculation
How many apples are required before one has 300 gram of nutrients? We have no idea what kind of apples have been used, so we need to make an assumption for the apple variety. The Ciqual database has an entry for Apple, pulp, raw, which contains 13.3% nutrients, or 13.3 gram per 100 gram of raw apple pulp. This implies that 22.6 times as much apples must have been used, i.e. 2260 gram of raw apple pulp, more than 2 kilogram of apple pulp.
If one looks at specific apple varieties in the Ciqual database the nutrient fraction varies from 12-16%, so not much spread.
The Apple syrup product states that 7 kg of apples were used to create 450 grams of syrup. This implies 1.6 kg of apples for 100 g of syrup. A bit less than our example, implying that a more sugary apple variety has been used for this syrup. Also because the package probably indicates the amount of raw unpeeled, unprepared apples.
Least squares online
With this online solution, the recipe can be calculated (using (0.265,0), (0.046,0), (14.1,62), (10.9,52), (1.99,4), (0.391,1), (0.017,0)).
This gives a slope of 4.612 and an intercept of -1.256. Ideally the intercept should be forced to 0.
This online calculator comes up with 4.44, but has no intercept.
NNLS fit
Recipe: 5.47 apples needed to get nutrients (deviance 33.01, largest residuals carbs and sugar).
-
Nutritional fit
The apples used for Appelstroop contain less sugar and fiber relative to the Ciqual apples.
Claude solver
This product is used to test the Claude Solver. It gets a value 5.33 and gives some additional comments:
Expected output when you run it in R:
x_apple ≈ 553 graw apple per 100 g syrup — 553 g of raw apple are pressed and cooked down to make 100 g appelstroopyield ≈ 18%— classified as "large loss — frying, roasting, drying"- Carbs and sugar fit well (< 1% error): these are the dominant and consistent signal
- Fibre and protein have large residuals (~94% and ~38% respectively): this is expected and asserted — raw-apple CIQUAL values don't match the juice concentrate actually used for syrup. Fat stays in the pomace during pressing so fat≈0 is physically correct, even though CIQUAL raw apple shows 0.25 g/100g
- Imputed fat ≈ 1.4 g, imputed salt ≈ 0.02 g — small positive values consistent with the label rounding to zero
Conclusion
| Input | Recipe |
|---|---|
| Algorithmic | 4.50 |
| Mean OFF | 4.44 |
| Median OFF | 4.97 |
| Ciqual Apple pulp and peel, raw | 5.4 |
| Ciqual Apple pulp, raw | 5.5 |
Comparing the different ingredient, it shows that what has been put in is very important.