View source for Labels hierarchy

== Introduction ==
The current [[Labels taxonomy]] does not have much structure. Only some specific labels have been structured. This document outlines a proposal to add structure to the entire taxonomy. All labels should be able to fall under this hierarchy. (We can dream).

== Use cases ==
Why do this in the first place? What could we do with it?

* Being able to display if a label is backed by a certification (useful also for the green-washing project, but not only)
* Being able, on display, to group labels by type (health / social / ecology) - (although a label like organic, might be classified in health + ecology ?)
* Being able to list all products that have a label from a specific labels category, like health claims
* Being able to navigate up and down labels (like we do for categories)
** see all labels with a specific parent
** see parent labels
* it enables navigating the labels taxonomy: for instance we can find all the labels related to animal husbandry
* it enables finding all products that have a category of labels . e.g. all products that make a health claim others?
* Can be used in a diet app to select products that have the same label category (eg Animal welfare) independent of a specific label and international. (do you recognise the label in Bulgaria?).
* Minimise information by using inheritance.

== Issues ==
* Distinguish between leaves and structural entries

== Structure ==
A possible structure of the labels hierarchy is explored here.

=== Main Level ===
The labels can be split into two groups:
* Product: every label that describes some aspect of the consumable part.
* Packaging: in braille. (anything that is not related to the shape, material or recycling of the packaging)
* Supply Chain, describing each process from creating to having it at the consumer (Life Cycle). There is a relation with the process implementor (farmer, producer, packager, transporter, distributor). A label might cover multiple processes.

=== Second Level ===
==== Product ====
The labels in this group describe features of the consumable part. We can distinguish:
* Ingredients: like No Palm Oils, Natural ingredients,... (we should be able to link to the ingredients taxonomy), New recipe, AOP
* Nutritional Values: less sugar, with vitamin A, ...
* Non-consumable parts: the rind of the cheese, etc.
* Dietary fit: like Halal, Kosher, Vegetarian, Not advised for pregnant women, etc.
* Health claims: lowers cholesterol

==== Packaging ====
Not sure what to add here. But there is a Braille label.
==== Supply Chain ====
Before a product reaches the consumer it goes through multiple steps or processes. We can distinguish the following processes:
* Production: organic, dredge fishing
* Sourcing: Fair trade
* Transformation:
* Packaging:
* Distribution
* Transportation

Each process has its own characteristics:
* Location: made in Italy, eggs laid in France, some ingredients not from France, EU Agriculture
* Ingredients sourcing: natural flavors, natural product, No GMO's

== Properties ==
Several properties can be distinguished in this taxonomy (see also [[Taxonomy Properties|Taxonomy properties]]):
* country:en: - the area where the logo is applicable
* image:en: - the corresponding logo image
* ingredients:en: - ingredient (from [[Ingredients taxonomy|Ingredients Taxonomy]]) to which the label pertains.
* label_categories:en: - the (perpendicular?) categories, i.e
** en:animal welfare - on how animals (pork (pig), beef (cattle), poultry) should be treated
** en:certified
** en:environment
** en:food safety
** en:standardisation of business practices.
* origins:en: - the origins of the producers of a product (Belgian Abbey Beer) or the applicability of a label (South African water bottlers)
* web:en: the corresponding webpage in English
* wikidata:en: - the corresponding wikidata entry
* wikipedia:en: the corresponding wikipedia page in English
* property_type:en: leaf or structural

== Other aspects ==
A producer or distributor can be put anything he wants on a label. What is the value of the claim he makes? We can distinguish the following:
* Certified labels: labels that are certified by third parties.Sometimes the label of this third party appears also on the packaging. i.e. Ecocert
* Verifiable: claims that the user can verify by checking the ingredients or nutritional values
* Unverifiable: marketing speak. There is a section on '''Distributor labels'''.

== Implementation ==
Do we need a hierarchy or can some aspects be handled by properties? When to decide for one, and when to decide for the other?

Possible implementations:

* Using taxonomy parents to add "structuring" parent entries
** stephane: We use taxonomies a lot for analysis / parsing. It's important that we differentiate "actual" entries from "structuring" entries. e.g. if there's some regexp that looks for [a label] [an ingredient] --> we don't want parents that are not in fact labels to be recognized. One way around it could be to have a property to indicate that an entry is just "structuring", and that it should not be used for analysis, as a suggestion in autocomplete etc.
* Using properties to indicate entries belong to specific categories
** aleene: Proposal: lets remove all parent entries from the taxonomy and only keep the actual labels we want to detect. Each label has a property that specify the category. This category is listed in another taxonomy (label categories), where all the relations between categories are listed.


To be considered:

* It would be good to implement a solution that could work for other taxonomies than labels

== Display ==
* adding a child label to a product automatically adds all parents, which could make the labels field messy (it's already messy today, and we have a similar issue with categories: displaying all of them make the product page quite unreadable).


[[Category:Taxonomies]]
[[Category:Labels taxonomy]]
[[Category:Labels]]