Latest revision as of 16:31, 16 August 2024

Food Additives

Objectives

The goals of those projects are to:

gather data on food additives so that it can be used in conjunction with other Open Food Facts data
determine what food additives data should be displayed on Open Food Facts product pages
create information pages for each food additive
possibly classify the risk of each additive so that it can be shown on Open Food Facts
- currently done for some additives on Open Food Facts in French language: http://fr.wiki.openfoodfacts.org/Projet:Fiches_sur_les_additifs

Types of data

Codes, names and synonyms

See Global additives taxonomy

Additive production

Sources of the additive
- Natural extract / chemical synthesis
- Vegetarian, vegan
- Containing pork
How is the additive produced?
Religious certifications
- Casher
- Halal

Additive uses

Types of products containing the additive

Health risks

Sources of data

For each source, we should note under which licence the data is available.

Laws and regulations

United Nations

WHO/FAO Codex Alimentarius

Codex General Standard for Food Additives (GSFA)

http://www.codexalimentarius.org/standards/gsfa/

Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JEFCA)

Combined Compendium of Food Additive Specifications

http://www.fao.org/food/food-safety-quality/scientific-advice/jecfa/jecfa-additives/en/

Specifications for Flavourings

http://www.fao.org/food/food-safety-quality/scientific-advice/jecfa/jecfa-flav/en/

European Union

Regulation on Food additives

Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives

Original: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32008R1333

Consolidated: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20141106

Database: https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/sanco_foods/main/?event=display

Regulation on Flavourings

Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 872/2012 of 1 October 2012 adopting the list of flavouring substances provided for by Regulation (EC) No 2232/96 of the European Parliament and of the Council, introducing it in Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 and Commission Decision 1999/217/EC Text with EEA relevance

Original: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32012R0872

Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on flavourings and certain food ingredients with flavouring properties for use in and on foods and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 1601/91, Regulations (EC) No 2232/96 and (EC) No 110/2008 and Directive 2000/13/EC (Text with EEA relevance)

Consolidated: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02008R1334-20141107

Database: https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/sanco_foods/main/?event=display

USA

Definition of GRAS and Food Additives and Color Additives

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) Section 201 (§321)

http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2010-title21/pdf/USCODE-2010-title21-chap9-subchapII-sec321.pdf

Regulation on GRAS substances

21 CFR Part 182: Substances generally recognized as safe.

http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?c=ecfr&rgn=div5&view=text&node=21:3.0.1.1.13&idno=21

21 CFR Part 184: Direct food substances affirmed as generally recognized as safe.

http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?c=ecfr&rgn=div5&view=text&node=21:3.0.1.1.14&idno=21

Regulation on Food Additives

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) Section 409 (§348)

http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2010-title21/pdf/USCODE-2010-title21-chap9-subchapIV-sec348.pdf

21 CFR Part 172: Food additives permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption

http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=pt21.3.172&rgn=div5

21 CFR Part 173: Secondary direct food additives permitted in food for human consumption

http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?&node=pt21.3.173&rgn=div5

21 CFR Part 180: Food additives permitted in food or in contact with food on an interim basis pending additional study

http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=pt21.3.180&rgn=div5

Alphabetical List of GRAS and Food Additives:

http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/FoodAdditivesIngredients/ucm091048.htm

Regulation on Color Additives

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) Section 721 (§379e)

http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2010-title21/pdf/USCODE-2010-title21-chap9-subchapVII-partB-sec379e.pdf

21 CFR Part 73: Listing of color additives exempt from certification

http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=pt21.1.73&rgn=div5

21 CFR Part 74: Listing of color additives subject to certification

http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=pt21.1.74&rgn=div5

21 CFR Part 82: Listing of certified provisionally listed colors and specifications

http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=pt21.1.82&rgn=div5

Alphabetical List of Color Additives:

http://www.fda.gov/ForIndustry/ColorAdditives/ColorAdditiveInventories/ucm106626.htm

Australia / New Zealand

Regulation on food additives

Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code - Standard 1.3.1 - Food Additives

2014-12-31: http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2014C01335

Serie: http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Series/F2008B00614

2014-12-31 List by Number with max concentrations: http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2014C01335/Html/Volume_2

2014-12-31 List Alphabetical: http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2014C01335/Html/Volume_3

Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code - Standard 1.2.4 - Labelling of Ingredients

2014-12-31: http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2015C00179

serie: http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Series/F2008B00604

(contains a list by number with prescribed names)

Canada

Regulation on food additives

Food and Drug Regulations (C.R.C., c. 870) Division 16

http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/C.R.C.,_c._870/page-159.html#docCont

List of permitted additives:

http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/C.R.C.,_c._870/page-160.html#docCont

Scientific studies

Scientific opinions

FAO/WHO

Database:

http://apps.who.int/food-additives-contaminants-jecfa-database/search.aspx

http://www.inchem.org/pages/jecfa.html

Evaluation of the carcinogenic hazards of food additives (Fifth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_220.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_220_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_220_spa.pdf

Evaluation of the toxicity of a number of antimicrobials and antioxidants (Sixth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_228.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_228_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_228_spa.pdf

Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: emulsifiers, stabilizers, bleaching and maturing agents (Seventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_281_(p1-p100).pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_281_(p101-p189).pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_281_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_281_spa.pdf

Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: food colours and some antimicrobials and antioxidants (Eighth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_309.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_309_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_309_spa.pdf

Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: some antimicrobials, antioxidants, emulsifiers, stabilizers, flour-treatment agents, acids, and bases (Ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_339.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_339_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_339_spa.pdf

Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: some emulsifiers and stabilizers and certain other substances (Tenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_373.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_373_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_373_spa.pdf

Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: some flavouring substances and non-nutritive sweetening agents (Eleventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_383.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_383_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_383_spa.pdf

Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: some antibiotics (Twelfth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_430.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_430_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_430_spa.pdf

Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: some food colours, emulsifiers, stabilizers, anticaking agents, and certain other substances (Thirteenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_445.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_445_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_445_spa.pdf

Evaluation of food additives: specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: some extraction solvents and certain other substances; and a review of the technological efficacy of some antimicrobial agents. (Fourteenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_462.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_462_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_462_spa.pdf

Evaluation of food additives: some enzymes, modified starches, and certain other substances: Toxicological evaluations and specifications and a review of the technological efficacy of some antioxidants (Fifteenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_488.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_488_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_488_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and the contaminants mercury, lead, and cadmium (Sixteenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_505.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_505_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_505_spa.pdf

Toxicological evaluation of certain food additives with a review of general principles and of specifications (Seventeenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_539.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_539_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_539_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives (Eighteenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_557.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_557_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_576_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives: some food colours, thickening agents, smoke condensates, and certain other substances. (Nineteenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_576.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_576_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_576_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives (Twentieth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives).

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_599.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_599_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_599_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives (Twenty-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_617.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_617_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_617_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Twenty-second report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_631.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_631_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_631_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives (Twenty-third report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_648.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_648_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_648_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives (Twenty-fourth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_653.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_653_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_653_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives (Twenty-fifth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_669.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_669_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_669_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Twenty-sixth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_683.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_683_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_683_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Twenty-seventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_696.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_696_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_696_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Twenty-eighth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_710.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_710_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_710_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Twenty-ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_733.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_733_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_733_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Thirtieth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_751.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_751_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_751_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Thirty-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_759.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_759_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_759_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Thirty-third report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_776.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_776_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_776_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Thirty-fifth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_789.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_789_fre.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_789_spa.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Thirty-seventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_806.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and naturally occurring toxicants (Thirty-ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_828.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Forty-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_837.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Forty-fourth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_859.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Forty-sixth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_868.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Forty-ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_884.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives (Fifty-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_891.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Fifty-third report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_896.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Fifty-fifth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_901.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Fifty-seventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_909.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives (Fifty-ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_913.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Sixty-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_922.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2004/924166052X.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives (Sixty-third report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_928.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2006/9241660546_eng.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives (Sixty-fifth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_934_eng.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2006/9241660562_eng.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Sixty-seventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_940_eng.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2007/9789241660587_eng.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Sixty-eighth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2007/9789241209472_eng.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2008/9789241660594_eng.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives (Sixty-ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_952_eng.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/9789241660600_eng.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives (Seventy-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_956_eng.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241660624_eng.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Seventy-third report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_960_eng.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241660648_eng.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Seventy-fourth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_966_eng.pdf

http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2012/9789241660655_eng.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives (Seventy-sixth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://www.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/77752/1/WHO_TRS_974_eng.pdf

http://www.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/77763/1/9789241660679_eng.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Seventy-seventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/98388/1/9789241209830_eng.pdf

http://www.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/99070/1/9789241660686_eng.pdf

Evaluation of certain food additives (Seventy-ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)

http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/150883/1/9789241209908_eng.pdf

http://www.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/128550/1/9789241660693_eng.pdf

EFSA

**EU priorities for re-evaluation of certain food additives (Regulation EU 257/2010)**

Deadlines	Food additives
15 Apr 2010	Food colours 1: E 123, E 151, E 154, E 155, E 180
31 Dec 2010	Food colours 2: E 100, E 127, E 131, E 132*, E 133, E 142, E 150a, E 150b, E 150c, E 150d, E 161b, E 161g, E 170
31 Dec 2015	Food colours 3: E 101, E 120, E 140, E 141, E 153, E 160b, E 160a, E 160c, E 160e, E 160f, E 162, E 163, E 171, E 172, E 174, E 175
31 Dec 2015	Preservatives and antioxidants: E 200-203; E 210-215, E 218-252, E 280-285; E 300-E 321, E 586 (priorities: E 310-312, E 320, E 321, E 220-228, E 304, E 200-203, E 284, E 285, E 239, E 242, E 249, E 250, E 251, E 252, E 280-283, E 306, E 307, E 308, E 309)
31 Dec 2016	Emulsifiers, stabilisers, gelling agents: E 322, E 400-E 419, E 422-E 495, E 1401-E 1451 (priorities: E 483, E 491-495, E 431, E 432-436, E 444, E 481, E 482, E 414; E 410, E 417, E 422, E 475)
31 Dec 2016	E 551, E 620-625, E 1105, E 1103
31 Dec 2018	All remaining food additives other than colours and sweeteners (priorities: E 552, E 553a, E 553b, E 558, E 999, E 338-343, E 450-452, E 900, E 912, E 914, E 902, E 904, E 626-629, E 630-633, E 634-635, E 507-511, E 513)
31 Dec 2020	All sweeteners and remaining colours

FSANZ

Food producers

Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States (FEMA)

FEMA GRAS Flavoring Substances List

http://www.femaflavor.org/fema-gras%E2%84%A2-flavoring-substance-list

NGOs

Consumers associations

Wikipedia / Wikidata

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_food_additives,_Codex_Alimentarius

Data collection

INS 120: carmine

WHO/FAO Codex GSFA Entry: http://www.codexalimentarius.net/gsfaonline/additives/details.html?id=120

WHO/FAO JECFA Specifications 2000: http://www.fao.org/ag/agn/jecfa-additives/specs/Monograph1/additive-108-m1.pdf

WHO/FAO JECFA Evaluation Summary: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jeceval/jec_366.htm

WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1975: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_557.pdf

WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1975: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v06je18.htm

WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1977: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_617.pdf

WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1977: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v12je13.htm

WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1981: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_669.pdf

WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1981: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v16je09.htm

WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1982: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_683.pdf

WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1982: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v17je07.htm

WHO/FAO JECFA Allergenicity evaluation 2001: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_901.pdf

WHO/FAO JECFA Allergenicity evaluation 2001: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v46je03.htm

US FDA specification: http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/retrieveECFR?gp=&r=PART&n=21y1.0.1.1.27#se21.1.73_1100

EFSA re-evaluation: coming soon (2015-12-31)

INS 243: ethyl lauroyl arginate

WHO/FAO Codex GSFA Entry: http://www.codexalimentarius.net/gsfaonline/additives/details.html?id=407

WHO/FAO JECFA Specifications 2008: http://www.fao.org/ag/agn/jecfa-additives/specs/monograph5/additive-506-m5.pdf

WHO/FAO JECFA Specifications 2009: http://www.fao.org/ag/agn/jecfa-additives/specs/monograph7/additive-506-m7.pdf

WHO/FAO Chemical and Technical Assessment 2008: http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/agns/pdf/jecfa/cta/69/Ethyl_Lauroyl_arginate.pdf

WHO/FAO JECFA Safety evaluation 2008: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_952_eng.pdf

WHO/FAO JECFA Safety evaluation 2008: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/9789241660600_eng.pdf

US FDA GRAS Notice No. GRN 000164 2005: http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/GRAS/NoticeInventory/ucm154571.htm

EFSA Opinion of the Scientific Panel 2007: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/fr/scdocs/doc/511.pdf

EFSA Refined exposure assessment 2013: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/doc/3294.pdf

EU COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 506/2014: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/AUTO/?uri=CELEX:32014R0506

FSANZ Assessment Report 2009: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/AR_A1015.pdf

FSANZ Hazard Assessment 2009: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20Arginate%20SD1%20Hazard%20Assess.pdf

FSANZ Dietary Exposure 2009: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20Arginate%20SD2%20Dietary%20Exposure.pdf

FSANZ Food Tech 2009: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20Arginate%20SD3%20Food%20Tech.pdf

FSANZ AMR Assessment 2009: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20Arginate%20SD4%20AMR%20Assess.pdf

FSANZ Approval 2009: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Lauric%20Arginate%20AppR%20FINAL1.pdf

FSANZ Review 2010: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20arginate%20FRR.pdf

FSANZ Final approval 2012: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/proposals/documents/P1020%20ELA%20as%20a%20FA%20in%20Sausages%20AppR%20FINAL.pdf

Health Canada consultation 2013: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/alt_formats/pdf/consult/2013-nop-adp-ethyl-lauroyl-arginate-ethyle-laurique/document-consultation-eng.pdf

INS 443: brominated vegetable oil

WHO/FAO JECFA Safety evaluation 1970: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_462.pdf

WHO/FAO JECFA Safety evaluation 1970: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v48aje02.htm

CAS Reg. No. 59-30-3: Folic acid

Code of Federal Regulations / Title 21 - Food and Drugs / Chapter I -- Food and Drug Administration / Subchapter B - Food for Human Consumption / Part 172 - Food Additives permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption / Subpart D - Special Dietary and Nutritional Additives / Sec. 172.345 Folic acid (folacin)

http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.345

Also some references in there:

http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v56je03.pdf

Get in touch

Slack channel

#additives

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 = Food Additives =
+[[Category:Food additives]]
 == Objectives ==
@@ Line 40: / Line 40: @@
 === Laws and regulations ===
-==== WHO / FAO ====
+==== United Nations ====
+===== WHO/FAO Codex Alimentarius =====
 Codex General Standard for Food Additives (GSFA)
@@ Line 46: / Line 49: @@
 http://www.codexalimentarius.org/standards/gsfa/
+=====  Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JEFCA) =====
+Combined Compendium of Food Additive Specifications
+http://www.fao.org/food/food-safety-quality/scientific-advice/jecfa/jecfa-additives/en/
+Specifications for Flavourings
+http://www.fao.org/food/food-safety-quality/scientific-advice/jecfa/jecfa-flav/en/
 ==== European Union ====
+===== Regulation on Food additives =====
 Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on '''food additives'''
@@ Line 55: / Line 71: @@
 Consolidated: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20141106
+Database: https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/sanco_foods/main/?event=display
+===== Regulation on Flavourings =====
+Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 872/2012 of 1 October 2012 adopting the list of flavouring substances provided for by Regulation (EC) No 2232/96 of the European Parliament and of the Council, introducing it in Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 and Commission Decision 1999/217/EC Text with EEA relevance
+Original: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32012R0872
+Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on flavourings and certain food ingredients with flavouring properties for use in and on foods and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 1601/91, Regulations (EC) No 2232/96 and (EC) No 110/2008 and Directive 2000/13/EC (Text with EEA relevance)
+Consolidated: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02008R1334-20141107
+Database: https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/sanco_foods/main/?event=display
 ==== USA ====
-===== Definition of Food Additives and Color Additives =====
+===== Definition of GRAS and Food Additives and Color Additives =====
 Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) Section 201 (§321)
 http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2010-title21/pdf/USCODE-2010-title21-chap9-subchapII-sec321.pdf
+===== Regulation on GRAS substances =====
+CFR Part 182: Substances generally recognized as safe.
+http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?c=ecfr&rgn=div5&view=text&node=21:3.0.1.1.13&idno=21
+CFR Part 184: Direct food substances affirmed as generally recognized as safe.
+http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?c=ecfr&rgn=div5&view=text&node=21:3.0.1.1.14&idno=21
 ===== Regulation on Food Additives =====
@@ Line 69: / Line 110: @@
 http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2010-title21/pdf/USCODE-2010-title21-chap9-subchapIV-sec348.pdf
+CFR Part 172: Food additives permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption
+http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=pt21.3.172&rgn=div5
+CFR Part 173: Secondary direct food additives permitted in food for human consumption
+http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?&node=pt21.3.173&rgn=div5
+CFR Part 180: Food additives permitted in food or in contact with food on an interim basis pending additional study
+http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=pt21.3.180&rgn=div5
+Alphabetical List of GRAS and Food Additives:
+http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/FoodAdditivesIngredients/ucm091048.htm
 ===== Regulation on Color Additives =====
@@ Line 75: / Line 134: @@
 http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2010-title21/pdf/USCODE-2010-title21-chap9-subchapVII-partB-sec379e.pdf
+CFR Part 73: Listing of color additives exempt from certification
+http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=pt21.1.73&rgn=div5
+CFR Part 74: Listing of color additives subject to certification
+http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=pt21.1.74&rgn=div5
+CFR Part 82: Listing of certified provisionally listed colors and specifications
+http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=pt21.1.82&rgn=div5
+Alphabetical List of Color Additives:
+http://www.fda.gov/ForIndustry/ColorAdditives/ColorAdditiveInventories/ucm106626.htm
+==== Australia / New Zealand ====
+===== Regulation on food additives =====
+Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code - Standard 1.3.1 - Food Additives
+-12-31: http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2014C01335
+Serie: http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Series/F2008B00614
+-12-31 List by Number with max concentrations: http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2014C01335/Html/Volume_2
+-12-31 List Alphabetical: http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2014C01335/Html/Volume_3
+Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code - Standard 1.2.4 - Labelling of Ingredients
+-12-31: http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2015C00179
+serie: http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Series/F2008B00604
+(contains a list by number with prescribed names)
+==== Canada ====
+===== Regulation on food additives =====
+Food and Drug Regulations (C.R.C., c. 870) Division 16
+http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/C.R.C.,_c._870/page-159.html#docCont
+List of permitted additives:
+http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/C.R.C.,_c._870/page-160.html#docCont
 === Scientific studies ===
@@ Line 80: / Line 192: @@
 ==== Scientific opinions ====
-===== Scientific Opinions of EFSA on Food Colourings =====
+===== FAO/WHO =====
+Database:
+http://apps.who.int/food-additives-contaminants-jecfa-database/search.aspx
+http://www.inchem.org/pages/jecfa.html
+Evaluation of the carcinogenic hazards of food additives (Fifth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_220.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_220_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_220_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of the toxicity of a number of antimicrobials and antioxidants (Sixth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_228.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_228_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_228_spa.pdf
+Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: emulsifiers, stabilizers, bleaching and maturing agents (Seventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_281_(p1-p100).pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_281_(p101-p189).pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_281_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_281_spa.pdf
+Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: food colours and some antimicrobials and antioxidants (Eighth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_309.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_309_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_309_spa.pdf
+Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: some antimicrobials, antioxidants, emulsifiers, stabilizers, flour-treatment agents, acids, and bases (Ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_339.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_339_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_339_spa.pdf
+Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: some emulsifiers and stabilizers and certain other substances (Tenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_373.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_373_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_373_spa.pdf
+Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: some flavouring substances and non-nutritive sweetening agents (Eleventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_383.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_383_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_383_spa.pdf
+Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: some antibiotics (Twelfth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_430.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_430_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_430_spa.pdf
+Specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: some food colours, emulsifiers, stabilizers, anticaking agents, and certain other substances (Thirteenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_445.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_445_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_445_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of food additives: specifications for the identity and purity of food additives and their toxicological evaluation: some extraction solvents and certain other substances; and a review of the technological efficacy of some antimicrobial agents. (Fourteenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_462.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_462_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_462_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of food additives: some enzymes, modified starches, and certain other substances: Toxicological evaluations and specifications and a review of the technological efficacy of some antioxidants (Fifteenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_488.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_488_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_488_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and the contaminants mercury, lead, and cadmium (Sixteenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_505.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_505_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_505_spa.pdf
+Toxicological evaluation of certain food additives with a review of general principles and of specifications (Seventeenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_539.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_539_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_539_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives (Eighteenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_557.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_557_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_576_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives: some food colours, thickening agents, smoke condensates, and certain other substances. (Nineteenth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_576.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_576_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_576_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives (Twentieth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives).
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_599.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_599_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_599_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives (Twenty-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_617.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_617_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_617_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Twenty-second report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_631.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_631_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_631_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives (Twenty-third report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_648.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_648_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_648_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives (Twenty-fourth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_653.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_653_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_653_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives (Twenty-fifth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_669.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_669_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_669_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Twenty-sixth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_683.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_683_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_683_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Twenty-seventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_696.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_696_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_696_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Twenty-eighth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_710.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_710_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_710_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Twenty-ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_733.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_733_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_733_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Thirtieth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_751.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_751_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_751_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Thirty-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_759.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_759_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_759_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Thirty-third report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_776.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_776_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_776_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Thirty-fifth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_789.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_789_fre.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_789_spa.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Thirty-seventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_806.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and naturally occurring toxicants (Thirty-ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_828.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Forty-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_837.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Forty-fourth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_859.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Forty-sixth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_868.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Forty-ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_884.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives (Fifty-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_891.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Fifty-third report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_896.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Fifty-fifth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_901.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Fifty-seventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_909.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives (Fifty-ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_913.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Sixty-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_922.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2004/924166052X.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives (Sixty-third report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_928.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2006/9241660546_eng.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives (Sixty-fifth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_934_eng.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2006/9241660562_eng.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Sixty-seventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_940_eng.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2007/9789241660587_eng.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Sixty-eighth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2007/9789241209472_eng.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2008/9789241660594_eng.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives (Sixty-ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_952_eng.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/9789241660600_eng.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives (Seventy-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_956_eng.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241660624_eng.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Seventy-third report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_960_eng.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241660648_eng.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Seventy-fourth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_966_eng.pdf
+http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2012/9789241660655_eng.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives (Seventy-sixth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://www.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/77752/1/WHO_TRS_974_eng.pdf
+http://www.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/77763/1/9789241660679_eng.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (Seventy-seventh report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/98388/1/9789241209830_eng.pdf
+http://www.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/99070/1/9789241660686_eng.pdf
+Evaluation of certain food additives (Seventy-ninth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives)
+http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/150883/1/9789241209908_eng.pdf
+http://www.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/128550/1/9789241660693_eng.pdf
+===== EFSA =====
 * E102: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/fr/efsajournal/doc/1331.pdf
@@ Line 111: / Line 581: @@
 * E180: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/fr/efsajournal/doc/1586.pdf
+* E243: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/fr/scdocs/doc/511.pdf
+* E243: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/doc/3294.pdf
+{| {{table}}
+|+ align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"| '''EU priorities for re-evaluation of certain food additives (Regulation EU 257/2010)'''
+|-
+|
+|-
+| Deadlines||Food additives
+|-
+| 15 Apr 2010||Food colours 1: E 123, E 151, E 154, E 155, E 180
+|-
+| 31 Dec 2010||Food colours 2: E 100, E 127, E 131, E 132*, E 133, E 142, E 150a, E 150b, E 150c, E 150d, E 161b, E 161g, E 170
+|-
+| 31 Dec 2015||Food colours 3: E 101, E 120, E 140, E 141, E 153, E 160b, E 160a, E 160c, E 160e, E 160f, E 162, E 163, E 171, E 172, E 174, E 175
+|-
+| 31 Dec 2015||Preservatives and antioxidants: E 200-203; E 210-215, E 218-252, E 280-285; E 300-E 321, E 586 (priorities: E 310-312, E 320, E 321, E 220-228, E 304, E 200-203, E 284, E 285, E 239, E 242, E 249, E 250, E 251, E 252, E 280-283, E 306, E 307, E 308, E 309)
+|-
+| 31 Dec 2016||Emulsifiers, stabilisers, gelling agents: E 322, E 400-E 419, E 422-E 495, E 1401-E 1451 (priorities: E 483, E 491-495, E 431, E 432-436, E 444, E 481, E 482, E 414; E 410, E 417, E 422, E 475)
+|-
+| 31 Dec 2016||E 551, E 620-625, E 1105, E 1103
+|-
+| 31 Dec 2018||All remaining food additives other than colours and sweeteners (priorities: E 552, E 553a, E 553b, E 558, E 999, E 338-343, E 450-452, E 900, E 912, E 914, E 902, E 904, E 626-629, E 630-633, E 634-635, E 507-511, E 513)
+|-
+| 31 Dec 2020||All sweeteners and remaining colours
+|-
+|}
+===== FSANZ =====
+* E243: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/AR_A1015.pdf
+* E243: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20Arginate%20SD1%20Hazard%20Assess.pdf
+* E243: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20Arginate%20SD2%20Dietary%20Exposure.pdf
+* E243: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20Arginate%20SD3%20Food%20Tech.pdf
+* E243: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20Arginate%20SD4%20AMR%20Assess.pdf
+* E243: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Lauric%20Arginate%20AppR%20FINAL1.pdf
+* E243: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20arginate%20FRR.pdf
+* E243: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/proposals/documents/P1020%20ELA%20as%20a%20FA%20in%20Sausages%20AppR%20FINAL.pdf
+* E952: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/proposals/documents/P287_FAR_Cyclamate_Review_FINAL.pdf
 === Food producers ===
+==== Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States (FEMA) ====
+FEMA GRAS Flavoring Substances List
+http://www.femaflavor.org/fema-gras%E2%84%A2-flavoring-substance-list
 === NGOs ===
 === Consumers associations ===
+=== Wikipedia / Wikidata ===
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_food_additives,_Codex_Alimentarius
 == Data collection ==
+=== INS 120: carmine ===
+WHO/FAO Codex GSFA Entry: http://www.codexalimentarius.net/gsfaonline/additives/details.html?id=120
+WHO/FAO JECFA Specifications 2000: http://www.fao.org/ag/agn/jecfa-additives/specs/Monograph1/additive-108-m1.pdf
+WHO/FAO JECFA Evaluation Summary: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jeceval/jec_366.htm
+WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1975: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_557.pdf
+WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1975: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v06je18.htm
+WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1977: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_617.pdf
+WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1977: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v12je13.htm
+WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1981: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_669.pdf
+WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1981: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v16je09.htm
+WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1982: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_683.pdf
+WHO/FAO JECFA Toxicity evaluation 1982: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v17je07.htm
+WHO/FAO JECFA Allergenicity evaluation 2001: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_901.pdf
+WHO/FAO JECFA Allergenicity evaluation 2001: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v46je03.htm
+US FDA specification: http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/retrieveECFR?gp=&r=PART&n=21y1.0.1.1.27#se21.1.73_1100
+EFSA re-evaluation: coming soon (2015-12-31)
+=== INS 243: ethyl lauroyl arginate ===
+WHO/FAO Codex GSFA Entry: http://www.codexalimentarius.net/gsfaonline/additives/details.html?id=407
+WHO/FAO JECFA Specifications 2008: http://www.fao.org/ag/agn/jecfa-additives/specs/monograph5/additive-506-m5.pdf
+WHO/FAO JECFA Specifications 2009: http://www.fao.org/ag/agn/jecfa-additives/specs/monograph7/additive-506-m7.pdf
+WHO/FAO Chemical and Technical Assessment 2008: http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/agns/pdf/jecfa/cta/69/Ethyl_Lauroyl_arginate.pdf
+WHO/FAO JECFA Safety evaluation 2008: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_952_eng.pdf
+WHO/FAO JECFA Safety evaluation 2008: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/9789241660600_eng.pdf
+US FDA GRAS Notice No. GRN 000164 2005: http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/GRAS/NoticeInventory/ucm154571.htm
+EFSA Opinion of the Scientific Panel 2007: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/fr/scdocs/doc/511.pdf
+EFSA Refined exposure assessment 2013: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/doc/3294.pdf
+EU COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 506/2014: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/AUTO/?uri=CELEX:32014R0506
+FSANZ Assessment Report 2009: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/AR_A1015.pdf
+FSANZ Hazard Assessment 2009: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20Arginate%20SD1%20Hazard%20Assess.pdf
+FSANZ Dietary Exposure 2009: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20Arginate%20SD2%20Dietary%20Exposure.pdf
+FSANZ Food Tech 2009: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20Arginate%20SD3%20Food%20Tech.pdf
+FSANZ AMR Assessment 2009: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20Arginate%20SD4%20AMR%20Assess.pdf
+FSANZ Approval 2009: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Lauric%20Arginate%20AppR%20FINAL1.pdf
+FSANZ Review 2010: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/applications/documents/A1015%20Ethyl%20lauroyl%20arginate%20FRR.pdf
+FSANZ Final approval 2012: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/code/proposals/documents/P1020%20ELA%20as%20a%20FA%20in%20Sausages%20AppR%20FINAL.pdf
+Health Canada consultation 2013: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/alt_formats/pdf/consult/2013-nop-adp-ethyl-lauroyl-arginate-ethyle-laurique/document-consultation-eng.pdf
+=== INS 443: brominated vegetable oil ===
+WHO/FAO JECFA Safety evaluation 1970: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_462.pdf
+WHO/FAO JECFA Safety evaluation 1970: http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v48aje02.htm
+=== CAS Reg. No. 59-30-3: Folic acid ===
+Code of Federal Regulations / Title 21 - Food and Drugs / Chapter I -- Food and Drug Administration / Subchapter B - Food for Human Consumption / Part 172 - Food Additives permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption / Subpart D - Special Dietary and Nutritional Additives / Sec. 172.345 Folic acid (folacin)
+http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=172.345
+Also some references in there:
+http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v56je03.pdf
+== Get in touch ==
+{{Box
+ | 1     =  Slack channel
+ | 2     =  [https://openfoodfacts.slack.com/messages/C02PUSNLK/ #additives]
+}}

Difference between revisions of "Food additives"

Latest revision as of 16:31, 16 August 2024

Food Additives

Objectives

Types of data

Codes, names and synonyms

Additive production

Additive uses

Types of products containing the additive

Health risks

Sources of data

Laws and regulations

United Nations

WHO/FAO Codex Alimentarius

Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JEFCA)

European Union

Regulation on Food additives

Regulation on Flavourings

USA

Definition of GRAS and Food Additives and Color Additives

Regulation on GRAS substances

Regulation on Food Additives

Regulation on Color Additives

Australia / New Zealand

Regulation on food additives

Canada

Regulation on food additives

Scientific studies

Scientific opinions

FAO/WHO

EFSA

FSANZ

Food producers

Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States (FEMA)

NGOs

Consumers associations

Wikipedia / Wikidata

Data collection

INS 120: carmine

INS 243: ethyl lauroyl arginate

INS 443: brominated vegetable oil

CAS Reg. No. 59-30-3: Folic acid

Get in touch

Navigation menu

Search