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I need to split this in a page on a holistic usage of the taxnomies and one on the principles of structuring.
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A taxonomy can be just a list of entries with corresponding translations and other attributes. This is for instance the case for the [[Languages taxonomy|languages]] or [[Countries taxonomy|countries]] taxonomy. Often however it is required to look at a group of entries together based on some kind of communality among the members of the group. This grouping is only done on need basis. We do not need to now languages with  common origin or the countries belonging to South America.
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One of the core features of OFF is the ability to analyse, compare and select products based on a large set of product characteristics.This only possible thanks to a large collection of taxonomies, which encode these product characteristics. The size of these taxonomies is ever more growing and more difficult to maintain.
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== General principles ==
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There are some principles that are relevant to all taxonomies.
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In creating these taxonomies various assumptions are made on the structuring of the taxonomies, especially in creating the subdivisions and hierarchies. Some used principles are described.
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=== Or's ===
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This page describes some approaches to the clever usage of taxonomies, which uses the idea of combining facets, so that the user still can find and compare products. This approach might allow a reduction in the number of entries in some taxonomies.
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== Taxonomy specifics ==
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== The taxonomies ==
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=== Category taxonomy ===
Various taxonomies are relevant for characterising a product:
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When talking about hierarchies, it is inevitable that we talk about the principles behind categories.
 
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* ''ingredients'' - for knowing what components a product is made of;
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* ''labels'' - for knowing processes used in creating ingredients and/or product
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* ''category'' - describes the product in a generic sense
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* ''origins'' (countries) - for the origins of ingredients and products (this is not yet a taxonomy);
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* ''storage/preservation'' - instructions how to store unopened products and preserve opened products (not yet a taxonomy);
      
== Ingredients taxonomy ==
 
== Ingredients taxonomy ==
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By exploiting the hierarchies defined in the ingredients taxonomy, it is possible to filter on a group of ingredients.
 
By exploiting the hierarchies defined in the ingredients taxonomy, it is possible to filter on a group of ingredients.
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== Label taxonomy ==
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=== Labels taxonomy ===
 
Labels are claims, logos, and other statements found on products. Sometimes these labels are statements which can be checked against the ingredients. For instance the label ''no added sugar'', should imply that the ingredient ''sugar'' is not on the ingredient list. The labels can refer to processes in the value chain, like ''fair-trade'' or ''organic''. These labels can be encoded on the ingredients list as well, but is a bit more obscure.
 
Labels are claims, logos, and other statements found on products. Sometimes these labels are statements which can be checked against the ingredients. For instance the label ''no added sugar'', should imply that the ingredient ''sugar'' is not on the ingredient list. The labels can refer to processes in the value chain, like ''fair-trade'' or ''organic''. These labels can be encoded on the ingredients list as well, but is a bit more obscure.
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It is also possible to add storage instructions as labels (lacking better solutions), such as ''frozen'' or ''refrigerated''.
 
It is also possible to add storage instructions as labels (lacking better solutions), such as ''frozen'' or ''refrigerated''.
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Some principles:
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* Certification principle - multiple institutes might check for adherence to the same principles, like Kosher, Vegan, Fair trade;
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* Claims - a producer might claim that a product contains ''less than x% of an ingredient''. These can be gathered under the parent ''less ingredient'';
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* Adjectives - anything that is described as '''adjective X''', like ''Natural product'';
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* Or's - the these are labels that have an or in their description (like ''No artificial flavourings or sweeteners''). This should be read as ''No artificial flavourings'' AND ''No artificial sweeteners'' and thus has two corresponding parent categories;
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BELOW IS OLD
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== Label taxonomy ==
    
The hierarchy is not (yet) much developed, but it is possible to get any ''organic'' or any ''fair-trade'' label,
 
The hierarchy is not (yet) much developed, but it is possible to get any ''organic'' or any ''fair-trade'' label,
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== Category taxonomy ===
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=== Category taxonomy ===
 
The categories taxonomy is more complicated as there is not a clear relationship with what is found on the product. The name of the products is not always well matched to the ingredients. Assigning the correct is a combination of interpreting marketing names, ingredient lists and labels found on the packaging. Often also knowledge of the current taxonomy and its hierarchy is required. And their is also a relationship with legislation, as naming a product is not always free.
 
The categories taxonomy is more complicated as there is not a clear relationship with what is found on the product. The name of the products is not always well matched to the ingredients. Assigning the correct is a combination of interpreting marketing names, ingredient lists and labels found on the packaging. Often also knowledge of the current taxonomy and its hierarchy is required. And their is also a relationship with legislation, as naming a product is not always free.
  
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