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− | This project aims to see if it's possible for OpenFoodFacts to support diets in the most generic way. | + | This project aims to see if it's possible for Open Food Facts to support diets in the most generic way. |
| + | Initial exploration by @aleene, being refactored/augmented by @teolemon |
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| + | [[Category:Diets]] |
| === Exploring how Open Food Facts can support any dietary requirement=== | | === Exploring how Open Food Facts can support any dietary requirement=== |
− | ====Introduction==== | + | ==== Introduction ==== |
− | The idea for diets started with the question how vegetarian products are supported by Open Food Facts. It is clear however that these idea's can be extended to any dietary requirement. Other examples of diets are Hallal or Kosher, but also Organic can be seen as a diet. | + | The idea for diets started with the question how vegetarian products are supported by Open Food Facts. It is clear however that these idea's can be extended to any dietary requirement. Other examples of diets are Halal or Kosher, but also Organic can be seen as a diet. |
− | ====Diet definition==== | + | |
− | What is a diet exactly? [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diet_(nutrition) Wikipedia] defines it as | + | ==== Should Open Food Facts support diets? ==== |
− | <nowiki>In nutrition, diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other organism.</nowiki> | + | * Open Food Facts relies on the information on the labels. Support for diets seems to imply that other information should be folded into Open Food Facts. Which would make diets a derivative project.<br /> |
− | This does not help us much. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diets Wikipedia entry] on diets shows more than 50 different diets (I stopped counting). There are many different reasons and approaches, which are not relevant here. As a working defition I will use: | + | * However it might be that generic support for diets is so closely tied to Open Food Facts, that it should be integrated. Or, if Open Food Facts wants to support dietary requirement queries, it might have consequences for implementation of Open Food Facts (think taxonomy).</ br> |
− | <nowiki>A Open Food Fact diet is a subselection of products in the Open Food Fact database.</nowiki> | + | * At the moment Open Food Facts already includes some derived applications, such as comparing and finding Palm-tree based products. So supporting diets is not farfetched. |
− | This implies that a person who follows a certain diet is only willing to eat specific products. | + | ==== Diet definition ==== |
− | ====Diet Listings==== | + | * What is a diet exactly? [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diet_(nutrition) Wikipedia] defines it as |
| + | * <nowiki>In nutrition, diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other organism.</nowiki> |
| + | * This does not help us much. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diets Wikipedia entry] on diets shows more than 50 different diets (I stopped counting). There are many different reasons and approaches, which are not relevant here. As a working definition I will use: |
| + | * <nowiki>A Open Food Facts diet is a subselection of products in the Open Food Fact database.</nowiki> |
| + | * This implies that a person who follows a certain diet is only willing to eat specific products. |
| + | ==== Compound Diets ==== |
| + | It is possible that a person adheres to multiple diets. For example vegetariansim + non-gmo + organic. |
| + | ==== Diet Listings ==== |
| Wikipedia has a very large [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diets listing of Diets]. I am not sure whether they are all relevant for this discussion. | | Wikipedia has a very large [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diets listing of Diets]. I am not sure whether they are all relevant for this discussion. |
− | Examples of diets are: | + | Examples of diets are (I just copied some): [[Buddhist cuisine|Buddhist diet]], [[Edenic diet]], [[Hinduism|Hindu]] and [[Jainism|Jain]] diets, [[Islamic dietary laws]], [[I-tal]], [[Kosher foods|Kosher diet]], [[Word of Wisdom]], [[Fruitarianism|Fruitarian diet]] [[Lacto vegetarianism]], [[Lacto-ovo vegetarianism]], [[Veganism|Vegan diet]], [[Flexitarianism|Flexitarian diet]], [[Kangatarian]], [[Pescetarianism|Pescetarian diet]], [[Vegetarianism|Plant-based diet]], etc.<br /> |
− | * [[Buddhist cuisine|Buddhist diet]]
| + | We have to analyse these diets to see how they are defined and whether they are suitable for support by Open Food Facts. |
− | * [[Edenic diet]]:
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− | * [[Hinduism|Hindu]] and [[Jainism|Jain]] diets:
| + | === Which diets to support? === |
− | * [[Islamic dietary laws]]
| + | We need to set some rules to define which diets Open Food Facts could support: |
− | * [[I-tal]]
| + | * Open Diet - the definition of a diet and its corresponding rules should be in the public domain. (I guess this will exclude diets created by diet guru's). |
− | * [[Kosher foods|Kosher diet]]
| + | * Rule set - the ruleset by which products are excluded should be clear. |
− | * [[Word of Wisdom]]
| + | * Diet Society - there should be a society that supports a diet. Such a society should certify products. Ideally their listing are available as open data. |
− | * A vegetarian diet is one which excludes meat.
| + | * Label - there should be a label corresponding to a diet, such the vegetarian society. |
− | * [[Fruitarianism|Fruitarian diet]]
| + | * Package - ideally information whether a product is suited for a particular diet should be on the package of a product. However the advantage of Open Food Facts is that this would no longer necessary. |
− | * [[Lacto vegetarianism]
| + | === Diet Rules === |
− | * [[Lacto-ovo vegetarianism]]
| + | In order to obtain diet rules one must look at various diets to see how they are defined. After looking at [[these diets]] some conclusions can be drawn. Products are to be excluded based on: |
− | * [[Veganism|Vegan diet]]
| + | * Ingredients created by a specific process - for instance GMO or organic; |
| + | * Specific ingredient - for instance the coloring agent Cochinelle, derived from crushing beetles; |
| + | * Ingredient groups - for instance all fats that required the killing of an animal; |
| + | * Products created by specific processes; |
| + | * Product groups created by specific processes. |
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| + | ===Already supported Diets === |
| + | Open Food Facts already support some support for diets. |
| + | ==== Vegan ==== |
| + | ==== Vegetarian ==== |
| + | ==== Palm oil ==== |
| + | ==== Allergens ==== |
| + | ==== Labels ==== |
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− | ===Semi-vegetarian diets=== | + | === Potentially impactful diets === |
− | {{main|Semi-vegetarianism}}
| + | ==== Pregnant woman ==== |
| + | https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/keeping-well/foods-to-avoid/ |
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− | * [[Flexitarianism|Flexitarian diet]]: A predominantly vegetarian diet, in which meat is occasionally consumed.<ref>Fellowes, Jessica (14 November 2008). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/3459737/The-new-vegetarianism-introducing-the-flexitarian.html "The new vegetarianism: introducing the flexitarian"]. ''[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]''. Retrieved 10 March 2012.</ref>
| + | ==== Pork detection (to help Halal, Kosher apps) ==== |
− | * [[Kangatarian]]: A diet originating from Australia. In addition to foods permissible in a vegetarian diet, [[kangaroo]] meat is also consumed.<ref>Barone, Tayissa (9 February 2010). [http://www.smh.com.au/news/entertainment/good-living/kangatarians-jump-the-divide/2010/02/08/1265477561439.html "Kangatarians jump the divide"]. ''[[Sydney Morning Herald]]''. Retrieved 17 January 2012.</ref>
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− | * [[Pescetarianism|Pescetarian diet]]: A diet which includes fish but not meat.
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− | * [[Vegetarianism|Plant-based diet]]<!--deliberately links to the DAB-->: A broad term to describe diets in which animal products do not form a large proportion of the diet. Under some definitions a plant-based diet is fully vegetarian; under others it is possible to follow a plant-based diet whilst occasionally consuming meat.<ref name="US News & World Report Health">{{cite news|title=Plant Based Diets|url=http://health.usnews.com/best-diet/best-plant-based-diets|accessdate=11 August 2014|work=U.S. News & World Report|publisher=U.S. News & World Report Health|ref=USNWR}}</ref>
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− | ===Already supported=== | + | === Implementation thoughts === |
− | Open Food Facts already support some support for diets.
| + | Although it is much to early to talk about implementation, I gather some thoughts here. |
− | ====Allergens==== | + | ====Product level restrictions==== |
− | ====Labels==== | + | The ruleset defined by the European Vegetarian Society implies restriction on the ingredient level: no ingredients that come from dead animals. Could this be defined as a branch in the taxonomy? Thus a branch for ingredients from dead animals, a branch for products from eggs (chickens, geese, etc), a branch for milk-based products (cow, camel, etc) and bees, and .... |
− | === Product support levels === | + | ==== Ingredient Taxonomy ==== |
| + | The basis of a diet is to exclude products with specific ingredients from a search. This can be done by giving each ingredient a diet-attribute. It might be more simple to create an ingredient taxonomy based on these attributes and thus be able to exclude entire branches of ingredients. Question is how such a taxonomy can support multiple diets. |
| + | ==== Product support levels ==== |
| On the official dutch association site for vegetarians, they use a five-level scheme to indicate whether a product is suitable for vegetarians. such a scheme can be adapted to any diet. | | On the official dutch association site for vegetarians, they use a five-level scheme to indicate whether a product is suitable for vegetarians. such a scheme can be adapted to any diet. |
| *light green - the product has a lable by an official certification organisation, which certifies that the product is suitable for the diet; | | *light green - the product has a lable by an official certification organisation, which certifies that the product is suitable for the diet; |
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| * red - the product clearly contains ingredients not suitable for the diet; | | * red - the product clearly contains ingredients not suitable for the diet; |
| Not all diets will support all levels. | | Not all diets will support all levels. |
− | === Translation Issues === | + | ==== Translation Issues ==== |
| A file is needed with all possible / supported diets. | | A file is needed with all possible / supported diets. |
− | === Diet logo's === | + | ==== Diet logo's ==== |
| Each supported diet requires a logo, similar to the one used for Palm fat. Maybe inspiration can be taken from the official corresponding logo's. | | Each supported diet requires a logo, similar to the one used for Palm fat. Maybe inspiration can be taken from the official corresponding logo's. |
| + | === References === |
| + | * [https://www.zediet.fr/ ZeDiet] - une méthode simple, efficace et durable pour améliorer ou préserver votre forme et votre santé en vous aidant à faire de meilleurs choix alimentaires; |
| + | * [https://www.nongmoproject.org Non GMO project] - working together to ensure the sustained availability of non-GMO food & products; |
| + | * [https://www.euroveg.eu European Vegetarian Union] |
| + | * [https://github.com/openfoodfacts/openfoodfacts-server/issues/9092 Add better support for specific diets] |