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Why do we need an ingredients ontology? The ontology describes how ingredients are derived from each other and how ingredients can be combined into new ingredients. The basic thesaurus can help to:
Why do we need an ingredients ontology? The ontology describes how ingredients are derived from each other and how ingredients can be combined into new ingredients. The basic thesaurus can help to:
* '''Normalise ingredients''' - Producers take a lot of freedom in describing the ingredients they use. An ontology helps to standardise the ingredients.
* '''Normalise ingredients''' - Producers take a lot of freedom in describing the ingredients they use. An ontology helps to standardise the ingredients.
* '''Search''' - the taxonomy can be used to support the directe search by url, i.e. use [https://world.openfoodfacts.org/ingredient/strawberry/ strawberry] to find all products that contain strawberry. Or [https://world.openfoodfacts.org/ingredient/strawberry/language/finnish strawberry] to find all products that have an ingredient list in finnish with strawberry (puutarhamansikka).
* '''Exclusive search''' - the taxonomy can be used to support the directe search by url, i.e. use [https://world.openfoodfacts.org/ingredient/strawberry/ strawberry] to find all products that contain ''strawberry''. Or [https://world.openfoodfacts.org/ingredient/strawberry/language/finnish strawberry] to find all products that have a Finnish ingredient list with ''strawberry'' (puutarhamansikka). The exclusive search means that only products with the ingredient ''strawberry'' are found.
* '''Translation''' - as the taxonomy contains translations of each ingredient, it can be used as means to translate ingredient lists;
* '''Translation''' - as the taxonomy contains translations of each ingredient, it can be used as means to translate ingredient lists;
* '''Translation inconsistencies''' - it happens that ingredients in different languages of a single product are different. That can be ingredients that are left out or simplified. The thesaurus might help revealing these.
* '''Ingredient language inconsistencies''' - it happens that ingredients in different languages of a single product are different. That can be ingredients that are left out or simplified. The thesaurus might help revealing these.
If the thesaurus is extended by relations between ingredients, other benefits arise, depending on what is defined in the taxonomy/ontology.
* '''Inclusive search''' - The basic relation is is the isa-relation. For instance ''strawberry puree'' and ''strawberry filling'' are still ''strawberry'', but under a different shape. So ''strawberry puree'' is a kind of ''strawberry'' (probably ''strawberry flavour'' is NOT a kind of ''strawberry''). In the same way we could search for all pureed ingredients, if the the relation between puree and strawberry puree was defined.
* '''Hidden ingredients''' - an ingredient might contain hidden ingredients, the ontology might reveal these. For example [https://world.openfoodfacts.org/ingredient/butter butter] contains [https://world.openfoodfacts.org/ingredient/butterfat butterfat].
* '''Hidden ingredients''' - an ingredient might contain hidden ingredients, the ontology might reveal these. For example [https://world.openfoodfacts.org/ingredient/butter butter] contains [https://world.openfoodfacts.org/ingredient/butterfat butterfat].